Journal of Medical Toxicology and Clinical Forensic Medicine

Abstract

Background & Aim: Inappropriate Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) may reduce the iron content and increase the risk of maternal anemia during pregnancy or postpartum. However, this notion has not been comprehensively studied. Th e study aims to prospectively examine the associations of GWG with maternal anemia during pregnancy and postpartum. Method: A prospective cohort analysis was performed using data from a trial of prenatal supplementation in China during 2006-2009. GWG was maternal weight right before delivery minus that at enrollment and GWG rate is then calculated as GWG divided by gestational weeks between the two measurements. GWG rate was categorized into quintiles (highest, higher, middle (reference), lower and lowest) according to stratifi ed maternal BMI group. Maternal anemia during early (<20 gestational weeks) or mid-pregnancy (24-28 gestational weeks) were defi ned as Hb <110 g/L and postpartum anemia (4-8 weeks aft er delivery) as Hb <120 g/L. Result: Among the 14110 included women, 750 (5.2%) were anemic during early pregnancy, 842 (6.0%) during midpregnancy and 3760 (26.7%) postpartum. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) for anemia during early pregnancy in the fi ve ascending GWG rate categories were 1.02, 0.92, 1.00, 0.96 and 1.31 (1.05-1.64); 1.05, 0.99, 1.00, 1.34 and 1.91 (1.53-2.37) for anemia during midpregnancy and 1.26 (1.12-1.42), 1.22, 1.00, 1.11 and 1.31 (1.16-1.48) for postpartum anemia. Similar results persisted in maternal BMI-stratifi ed analyses, corroborating the reliability of the fi ndings. Conclusion: Excessive GWG increased the risk of anemia occurring both during pregnancy and postpartum, while inadequate

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